{"id":35887,"date":"2026-09-10T19:12:34","date_gmt":"2026-09-10T17:12:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/istaspirtslietas.lv\/?p=35887"},"modified":"2026-09-10T19:15:19","modified_gmt":"2026-09-10T17:15:19","slug":"romiesu-pirts-serbija","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/istaspirtslietas.lv\/lv\/romiesu-pirts-serbija\/","title":{"rendered":"Romie\u0161u pirts Serbij\u0101 \u2013 imperatora pil\u012b atkl\u0101ta unik\u0101la 1700 gadus sena pirts"},"content":{"rendered":"

Romie\u0161u pirts Serbij\u0101 atkl\u0101jusi arheologiem ko l\u012bdz \u0161im Romas imp\u0113rijas pil\u012bs nebija izdevies dokument\u0113t \u2013 grezns priv\u0101tais pirts komplekss bija izb\u016bv\u0113ts monument\u0101la aizsardz\u012bbas tor\u0146a pa\u0161\u0101 apak\u0161\u0113j\u0101 l\u012bmen\u012b. Taj\u0101 atrastas tr\u012bs peldvietas, apsild\u0101m\u0101 gr\u012bda, kr\u0101sns un \u012bpa\u0161a karsta sviedr\u0113\u0161an\u0101s telpa. Aptuveni 1700 gadus senais atkl\u0101jums \u013cauj pavisam cit\u0101di ieraudz\u012bt, k\u0101 pirts un siltuma kult\u016bra izskat\u012bj\u0101s Romas imp\u0113rijas elites ikdien\u0101.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Atkl\u0101jums veikts Vrelo\u2013\u0160arkamen arheolo\u0123iskaj\u0101 kompleks\u0101 Serbijas austrumos net\u0101lu no Negotinas. \u0160eit atrad\u0101s nocietin\u0101ta 4. gadsimta s\u0101kuma imperatora rezidence, kas saist\u012bta ar Romas imperatoru Maksiminu Daju.<\/p>\n

P\u0113tnieki \u0161o vietu izzina jau vair\u0101kus gadu desmitus, ta\u010du jaunais atradums izr\u0101d\u012bjies \u012bpa\u0161s pat pieredz\u0113ju\u0161ajiem arheologiem.<\/p>\n

Priv\u0101t\u0101 pirts jeb balneum<\/em> atrasta milz\u012bg\u0101 pils dienvidrietumu st\u016bra tor\u0146a zem\u0101kaj\u0101 l\u012bmen\u012b.<\/p>\n

Tie\u0161i atra\u0161an\u0101s vieta ir viena no b\u016btisk\u0101kaj\u0101m atkl\u0101juma \u012bpatn\u012bb\u0101m.<\/p>\n

Pirts pasl\u0113pta pa\u0161\u0101 pils torn\u012b<\/h2>\n

Romie\u0161u pirtis parasti tika projekt\u0113tas k\u0101 sec\u012bgu telpu kompleksi, kuros cilv\u0113ks p\u0101rvietoj\u0101s starp da\u017e\u0101das temperat\u016bras zon\u0101m.<\/p>\n

\u0160eit arhitektiem bijis j\u0101str\u0101d\u0101 piln\u012bgi cit\u0101di.<\/p>\n

Pirts bija j\u0101ievieto apa\u013c\u0101 tor\u0146a konstrukcij\u0101.<\/p>\n

Telpas izvietotas vien\u0101 ap\u013ca da\u013c\u0101, savuk\u0101rt otr\u0101 atrad\u0101s tehnisk\u0101 infrastrukt\u016bra \u2013 kr\u0101sns un vieta vara \u016bdens sild\u012b\u0161anas traukam.<\/p>\n

P\u0113c arheologu pa\u0161reiz\u0113j\u0101s inform\u0101cijas, tik neparastam imperatora priv\u0101t\u0101s pirts izvietojumam monument\u0101l\u0101 pils torn\u012b pagaid\u0101m nav zin\u0101ma tie\u0161a analoga citviet Romas imp\u0113rij\u0101.<\/p>\n

Tr\u012bs baseini un apsild\u0101ma gr\u012bda<\/h2>\n

Kompleks\u0101 identific\u0113tas tr\u012bs peldvietas jeb vannas.<\/p>\n

Ta\u010du viens no iespaid\u012bg\u0101kajiem atradumiem ir \u013coti labi saglab\u0101jusies hipokausta sist\u0113ma<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Hipokausts bija romie\u0161u izmantota zemgr\u012bdas apkures tehnolo\u0123ija.<\/p>\n

Gr\u012bda tika pacelta uz neliel\u0101m \u0137ie\u0123e\u013cu kolonn\u0101m, bet kr\u0101sn\u012b rad\u012btais karstais gaiss cirkul\u0113ja zem t\u0101s. T\u0101d\u0113j\u0101di tika sasild\u012bta gan pati gr\u012bda, gan telpa virs t\u0101s.<\/p>\n

\u0160\u0101da tehnolo\u0123ija \u013c\u0101va rad\u012bt kontrol\u0113tu siltuma vidi ilgi pirms m\u016bsdienu centr\u0101l\u0101s apkures sist\u0113m\u0101m.<\/p>\n

Pirt\u012bs tai bija \u012bpa\u0161i svar\u012bga noz\u012bme.<\/p>\n

Atrasta ar\u012b sviedr\u0113\u0161an\u0101s telpa \u2013 sudatorium<\/h2>\n

Pirts kompleks\u0101 arheologi identific\u0113ju\u0161i ar\u012b sudatorium<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

\u0160is lat\u012b\u0146u termins apz\u012bm\u0113 \u013coti siltu telpu, kas paredz\u0113ta intens\u012bvai sv\u012b\u0161anai.<\/p>\n

M\u016bsdienu publik\u0101cij\u0101s to m\u0113dz vienk\u0101r\u0161oti saukt par saunu vai tvaika pirti, tom\u0113r nevajadz\u0113tu to piln\u012bb\u0101 piel\u012bdzin\u0101t m\u016bsdienu somu saunai vai Baltijas pirtij.<\/p>\n

Romie\u0161u siltuma kult\u016bra bija veidota cit\u0101di.<\/p>\n

Tom\u0113r pats princips mums ir p\u0101rsteidzo\u0161i paz\u012bstams \u2013 cilv\u0113ks apzin\u0101ti non\u0101k karst\u0101 vid\u0113, sv\u012bst, p\u0113c tam p\u0101riet uz cit\u0101m \u016bdens un temperat\u016bras proced\u016br\u0101m.<\/p>\n

Tas par\u0101da, cik sena paties\u012bb\u0101 ir cilv\u0113ku v\u0113lme izmantot kontrol\u0113tu karstumu labsaj\u016btai un \u0137erme\u0146a kop\u0161anai.<\/p>\n

Virs pirts bijis kupols ar se\u0161iem logiem<\/h2>\n

Arheologu rekonstrukcija liecina, ka pirts telpas savulaik sedzis kupols.<\/p>\n

Taj\u0101 biju\u0161as se\u0161as logu ailes.<\/p>\n

\u0160\u0101ds risin\u0101jums pras\u012bja iev\u0113rojamas arhitekt\u016bras un in\u017eeniertehnisk\u0101s zin\u0101\u0161anas, jo b\u016bvniekiem vienlaikus bija j\u0101risina kupola konstrukcija, apkure, \u016bdens pieg\u0101de, mitrums un pirts darb\u012bbai nepiecie\u0161am\u0101 tehnisk\u0101 infrastrukt\u016bra.<\/p>\n

Tas nebija vienk\u0101r\u0161s mazg\u0101\u0161an\u0101s kambaris.<\/p>\n

Tas bija sare\u017e\u0123\u012bts, \u012bpa\u0161i projekt\u0113ts priv\u0101ts komplekss cilv\u0113kiem no pa\u0161as augst\u0101k\u0101s sabiedr\u012bbas k\u0101rtas.<\/p>\n

Pirts pieder\u0113ja imperatora rezidencei<\/h2>\n

Vrelo\u2013\u0160arkamen komplekss tiek saist\u012bts ar imperatoru Maksiminu Daju<\/strong>, kur\u0161 vald\u012bja 4. gadsimta s\u0101kum\u0101.<\/p>\n

Vi\u0146\u0161 bija viens no valdniekiem laik\u0101, kad Romas imp\u0113rijas p\u0101rvald\u0113 darboj\u0101s tetrarhijas sist\u0113ma \u2013 imp\u0113rija tika sadal\u012bta starp vair\u0101kiem valdniekiem.<\/p>\n

\u0160arkamen\u0101 atrad\u0101s ne tikai nocietin\u0101t\u0101 rezidence.<\/p>\n

Net\u0101lu atkl\u0101ts ar\u012b imperatora mauzolejs, kur\u0101 1996. gad\u0101 tika atrasts \u012bpa\u0161i v\u0113rt\u012bgs zelta rotaslietu komplekts.<\/p>\n

T\u0101d\u0113\u013c arheologi \u0161o vietu jau sen uzskata par noz\u012bm\u012bgu Romas imp\u0113rijas elites centru Balk\u0101nos.<\/p>\n

Jaunatkl\u0101t\u0101 pirts \u0161im st\u0101stam pievieno pavisam jaunu dimensiju \u2013 valdnieku priv\u0101to ikdienu.<\/p>\n

Pirts nebija paredz\u0113ta tikai mazg\u0101\u0161anai<\/h2>\n

Romie\u0161u pirts kult\u016bra bija daudz pla\u0161\u0101ka par \u0137erme\u0146a nomazg\u0101\u0161anu.<\/p>\n

Publisk\u0101s termas pils\u0113t\u0101s bija vietas, kur cilv\u0113ki tik\u0101s, sarun\u0101j\u0101s, nodarboj\u0101s ar fizisk\u0101m aktivit\u0101t\u0113m un k\u0101rtoja dar\u012bjumus.<\/p>\n

Imperatora priv\u0101t\u0101 pirts pild\u012bja at\u0161\u0137ir\u012bgu funkciju.<\/p>\n

T\u0101 bija komforta un statusa telpa.<\/p>\n

Vrelo\u2013\u0160arkamen atkl\u0101jums par\u0101da, cik daudz tehnisko resursu bija gatavi ieguld\u012bt, lai pa\u0161\u0101 rezidenc\u0113 nodro\u0161in\u0101tu kontrol\u0113tu karstumu, siltu \u016bdeni un da\u017e\u0101das peld\u0113\u0161an\u0101s iesp\u0113jas.<\/p>\n

Tas bija luksuss, kura darb\u012bbai bija nepiecie\u0161ams gan kurin\u0101mais, gan \u016bdens, gan cilv\u0113ki, kuri visu sist\u0113mu uztur\u0113ja.<\/p>\n

Senie romie\u0161i labi prata vad\u012bt karstumu<\/h2>\n

No pirts skatpunkta \u012bpa\u0161i interesanti ir tas, cik daudz uzman\u012bbas romie\u0161u in\u017eenieri piev\u0113rsa nevis vienk\u0101r\u0161i temperat\u016brai, bet karstuma kust\u012bbai<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Kr\u0101sns rad\u012btais karstais gaiss tika novad\u012bts zem gr\u012bdas.<\/p>\n

Siltums tika izmantots noteikt\u0101m telp\u0101m.<\/p>\n

\u016adens tika uzkars\u0113ts atsevi\u0161\u0137\u0101 sist\u0113m\u0101.<\/p>\n

Da\u017e\u0101das zonas nodro\u0161in\u0101ja at\u0161\u0137ir\u012bgu \u0137erme\u0146a pieredzi.<\/p>\n

M\u016bsdienu pirt\u012bs m\u0113s run\u0101jam par kr\u0101sns jaudu, ventil\u0101ciju, mitrumu, l\u0101vu augstumu un gaisa cirkul\u0101ciju.<\/p>\n

Tehnolo\u0123ija ir piln\u012bgi cita, bet pamatjaut\u0101jums ir tas pats \u2013 k\u0101 kontrol\u0113t karstumu t\u0101, lai cilv\u0113ks to var\u0113tu izmantot.<\/strong><\/p>\n

1700 gadi \u0161\u0137ir tehnolo\u0123ijas, nevis pa\u0161u ideju<\/h2>\n

Protams, romie\u0161u balneum<\/em> nav tas pats, kas Latvijas pirts.<\/p>\n

Tur nebija m\u016bsu pirts slotu trad\u012bcijas, un sudatorium<\/em> nevar vienk\u0101r\u0161i nosaukt par m\u016bsdienu saunu.<\/p>\n

Tom\u0113r ir gr\u016bti nepaman\u012bt l\u012bdz\u012bbu pa\u0161\u0101 pamatidej\u0101.<\/p>\n

Karsta telpa.<\/p>\n

Sv\u012b\u0161ana.<\/p>\n

\u016adens.<\/p>\n

Atdzi\u0161ana.<\/p>\n

Atp\u016bta.<\/p>\n

Cilv\u0113ks, kur\u0161 apzin\u0101ti izmanto temperat\u016bru, lai rad\u012btu noteiktu \u0137ermenisku pieredzi.<\/p>\n

\u0160\u012bs idejas da\u017e\u0101d\u0101s kult\u016br\u0101s ir dz\u012bvoju\u0161as t\u016bksto\u0161iem gadu.<\/p>\n

Izrakumi v\u0113l turpin\u0101s<\/h2>\n

Arheologi darbu Vrelo\u2013\u0160arkamen nav pabeigu\u0161i.<\/p>\n

P\u0113tniekiem v\u0113l j\u0101noskaidro prec\u012bz\u0101ka pirts telpu izmanto\u0161ana un tas, k\u0101 imperatora rezidences iem\u012btnieki taj\u0101 nok\u013cuva.<\/p>\n

Katrs jauns atradums var pal\u012bdz\u0113t lab\u0101k saprast ne tikai \u0113kas arhitekt\u016bru, bet ar\u012b cilv\u0113ku ikdienas paradumus Romas imp\u0113rijas augst\u0101kajos sabiedr\u012bbas sl\u0101\u0146os.<\/p>\n

Tie\u0161i t\u0101d\u0113\u013c \u0161is atkl\u0101jums ir interesants ar\u012b pirts v\u0113stures kontekst\u0101.<\/p>\n

M\u0113s bie\u017ei run\u0101jam par pirts trad\u012bciju k\u0101 par kaut ko \u013coti lok\u0101lu \u2013 somu saunu, Latvijas pirti, igau\u0146u d\u016bmu pirti vai krievu ba\u0146u.<\/p>\n

Ta\u010du karstuma un sv\u012b\u0161anas kult\u016bras v\u0113sture ir daudz pla\u0161\u0101ka.<\/p>\n

Romie\u0161u pirts Serbij\u0101 atg\u0101dina, ka jau pirms aptuveni 1700 gadiem cilv\u0113ki b\u016bv\u0113ja sare\u017e\u0123\u012btas telpas, kur\u0101s karstums, \u016bdens un atp\u016bta tika apvienoti vienot\u0101 pieredz\u0113.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Main\u012bju\u0161\u0101s tehnolo\u0123ijas, \u0113kas un trad\u012bcijas.<\/p>\n

Bet cilv\u0113ku interese par karstumu ir palikusi.<\/p>\n

Avoti<\/h3>\n

Serbijas Arheolo\u0123ijas instit\u016bts \u2013 Vrelo\u2013\u0160arkamen arheolo\u0123iskais komplekss.<\/p>\n

Serbijas sabiedrisk\u0101 telev\u012bzija RTS \u2013 inform\u0101cija par jaunatkl\u0101to imperatora priv\u0101to pirti.<\/p>\n

Archaeology Magazine \u2013 Lavish Roman Bath Excavated in Eastern Serbia.<\/em><\/p>\n

Live Science \u2013 inform\u0101cija par Vrelo\u2013\u0160arkamen imperatora pirts atkl\u0101jumu.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Romie\u0161u pirts Serbij\u0101 atkl\u0101jusi arheologiem ko l\u012bdz \u0161im Romas imp\u0113rijas pil\u012bs nebija izdevies dokument\u0113t \u2013 grezns priv\u0101tais pirts komplekss bija<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":35889,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3085,3091],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-35887","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-pirts-zinas","category-tradicijas"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/istaspirtslietas.lv\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/35887","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/istaspirtslietas.lv\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/istaspirtslietas.lv\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/istaspirtslietas.lv\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/istaspirtslietas.lv\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=35887"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/istaspirtslietas.lv\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/35887\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":35888,"href":"https:\/\/istaspirtslietas.lv\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/35887\/revisions\/35888"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/istaspirtslietas.lv\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/35889"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/istaspirtslietas.lv\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=35887"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/istaspirtslietas.lv\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=35887"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/istaspirtslietas.lv\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=35887"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}